Our story It began in a foreign country in Western Europe. It was the summer of 2018. We made a move and later, another decision that would change our lives f o r e v e r. The city was Berlin. The year was 2017, in the … Read more...
Biomethane and the environment- Why the car you drive matters
If you absolutely have to buy a new car, then please consider for the sake of our planet investing in a biomethane gas vehicle!
I have been recently very active in the food saving front. We are a small dedicated group of people who are always moving fast to save food. One member is an avid cyclist, but she is always looking to pick up food by car. I have helped her a few times. However, as a cyclist, I feel really bad after driving, as I spent fossil fuels to save food – a dead circle (as we say in Estonian). Most of the time, the car haul is enough for two people to haul with a bike.
There is another member in our group who owns a biomethane i.e. compressed natural gas vehicle. He said that this type of gas is renewable. I know that natural gas isn’t. I was a bit confused. Below you can read my little research on biomethane.
The most popular renewable energy sources are currently:
- Solar energy
- Wind energy
- Hydro energy
- Tidal energy
- Geothermal energy
- Biomass energy
His car uses biomass energy (compressed natural gas i.e. biomethane). And therefore indeed, is using renewable sources. The gas is made from the conversion of solid fuel. It means that plant materials become gas. Biomass fundamentally involves burning organic materials to produce electricity or gas. In this case, this does not include burning wood. And nowadays, this is a much cleaner, more energy-efficient process. It is possible to convert agricultural, industrial, and domestic waste into solid, liquid, and gas fuel. Biomass also generates power at a much lower economic and environmental cost.
What is biomethane or renewable natural gas?
Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) or Sustainable Natural Gas (SNG) or biomethane, is biogas that has been upgraded to a quality similar to fossil natural gas. It has a methane concentration of 90% or greater. Biogas is a gaseous form of methane obtained from biomass. By upgrading the quality to that of natural gas, it becomes possible to distribute the gas to customers via the existing gas grid within existing appliances.
Source: Wikipedia.org
The main problem why biomethane, i.e. compressed natural gas cannot be distributed faster is the cost and placement of fuel storage containers. This is the reason why the municipal government, public transportation vehicles were the most visible early adopters of it, as they can more quickly write off the money invested in the new (and usually cheaper) fuel gradually. In spite of these circumstances, the number of vehicles in the world using CNG has grown steadily (30 percent per year).
Biomethane is 100% environmentally friendly. It can replace natural gas wherever it is currently in use. This also includes compressed natural gas cars. The most exciting part is that the fossil fuels in the transportation section can be replaced with biomethane. Plus, the pricing is better as well!
Biomethane and emissions?
Compared to petrol and diesel, the whole emission of biomethane is smaller. The number of ash pieces and sulfur dioxide is barely visible.
The combustion of biomethane creates the following compared to petrol:
60% less SO2 (Sulfur dioxide), 50% less CO2 (Carbon dioxide), and 45% less NO2 (Nitrogen dioxide).
Aside from that, compressed natural gas is environmentally friendly. It’s also cheaper and takes you farther distances. Compare the distance and the cost with other common sources of fuel below.
Biomethane and Estonia
It would work best for smaller countries if their governments can develop the biomethane market. Let’s look at the case of Estonia, a small country on the coast of the Baltic Sea close to Finland. The current funding allows the country to build more than 20 biomethane stations and one production factory by the end of 2020. The state is subsidizing to promote the market in the transportation sector of every spent mWh (megawatt-hour).
In 2018, two production stations started in Estonia. The annual capacity of one plant is 6 million m3 of gas. Biomethane is maid mostly of wastewater sediment. The second plant can create up to 1,5 million m3 gas in a year. The matter of the production is manure and biomass.
During April, a month heavily affected by COVID-19, still, 6334 mWh of local biomethane was produced. 5224 mWh was made from wastewater sediment. 1110 mWh of animal manure, biomass, and leftovers of food manufacturers.
How to make biomethane?
The survey composed by the Development Foundation in 2014 in Estonia states that there are yearly resources to create up to 4,7 TWh biomethane. The raw material would be mostly biomass from the grasslands (83%) and the leftovers of the farming production (9,8%). But also biodegradable waste from the industry, landfill gases, and solid waste of the waste cleaners. Creating more options to make biomethane, creates a locally sourced supplier using local and raw materials.
Are there biomethane cars?
Several car manufacturers are offering biomethane suitable cars with CNG-motor. There are options for cars, service cars, buses, and trucks. Even in tiny Estonia, you can find different models. Wherever you are, I am sure the variety is much-much wider.
Here is a list of possible models by manufacturers:
- Škoda Octavia Combi
- Opel Astra (hatchback and Sports Tourer)
- Volkswagen Golf, Golf Variant and Caddy
- SEAT Leon, Ibiza and Arona
- Fiat Doblo
On top of that, Mercedes-Benz, MAN, Iveco, Scania, and Volvo offer natural gas-fueled cars and buses.
Here is a list of European CNG cars HERE.
Biomethane production – practical circular economy
Producing biomethane from the waste of the agriculture industry is an excellent example of a practical circular economy. Biomethane can be produced from everything that ferments. It can be manure, silo, cut grass, the top of the vegetables, restaurant food leftovers, etc. Also the production excess of dairy, bread, and meat industries. Basically, everything of organic-biologic origin, except wood.
And if you find that this is all too much for you, then please try composting at home. Check out our tips here!
Sources:
Every month is Veganuary
Now when the most important month for the environment and animals is over, continuous attention to Veganuary is much needed.
I had no idea for the longest time what Veganuary was. I had never participated in it in and so never recommended it. Now that I have been vegan for more than three years, I am more awake. I know that there is a need to spread the word. Not only in January.
What is Veganuary?
Veganuary is a UK non-profit organization founded in 2014. It seeks to bring awareness to a vegan lifestyle free of animal products every January. In a way, you can call it the vegan awareness month. The participants of this groundbreaking event have more than doubled every year since its start 6 years ago. Luckily, the idea of being a plant-based consumer for a whole month is getting more and more popular:
- The 2017 campaign had 50,000 participants signed up as of January 4.
- In 2018 170,000 people signed up, a 183% increase over 2017 numbers.
- The 2019 event signups were reported to be as many as 14,000 per day for a total of 250,000 signups from 193 countries.
- By January 5th, 2020 a record 350,000 people had registered to take part in Veganuary.
These numbers speak loud and clear that things are changing. And for the better. Hopefully. But it is quite disappointing that all the attention is for just one month. Why not every month? It is
Think of Veganuary every month
The extra awareness for veganism for the first month of the year is highly needed, but why not take an extra step and think of Veganuary every month. There are many positive effects of going vegan for more than one month, as it can promote better health for you and those around you, contribute to a better environmental state, and make the lives of animals better.
Being vegan is proven to promote good health and increase vitality, which makes you feel good. But perhaps more important to many of us is the well-being of dear ones around us. We can have our family and friends longer with us. Eating meat is not suitable for any of us, it is harmful to our health. Did you know that the length of our and all herbivores’ intestines is 27 times longer than the body? This is because breaking down cellulose in plant foods is a GINORMOUS job that requires ”untold billions of bacteria which do the breaking down for the herbivore.” Carnivores like lions, unlike rabbits and humans, have sharp teeth to shred meant and short powerful intestines to digest the flesh quickly. Imagine the meat you eat taking so long to travel through your long intestines? The bacteria aren’t meant to digest that! And it is not only meat that causes many health problems. It is also dairy.
Look at the simple graph below from the documentary. The two little dots on the left are data sections for the other two leading causes of deaths. The first is violence, wars, etc. and the middle describes accidental deaths. You can barely see those, because chronic disease kills annually 30 000 000 people in total, leaving them far behind.
Dairy
When drinking milk and using dairy products, we consume bodily liquids of a cow, who is lactating to feed its baby. Unfortunately, after her calf is born, they will lose their mother and their rightful nutrition, which goes to humans. The female cow becomes just a milking machine, not for her calves, but for humans. The male calves will be killed and sold as veal, as they are no use for the dairy industry. Female calves are raised for the same reason as their mothers – to produce milk for humans. Contrary to popular propaganda, drinking milk does no good for the body. Dairy companies had bought the scientist for the longest time, to fool us all to believe that milk gives you good bones and lots of protein. It doesn’t really work like that. As those nations that consume the most cow’s milk and other dairy products have the highest rates of osteoporosis and hip fracture.
Environment
Raising animals, producing products out of them, etc. is very exhausting for our planet. Cow cattle need lots of space, lots of water and lots of feed. And even more water is needed when the flesh of animals is processed for human taste buds. Oftentimes, the country where the cattle are raised does not have enough feed. So then it has to be transported from another country. More forests are cut down to grow more food for animals. It is all adding to the high greenhouse gas emissions.
We have a water crisis. Though it may seem that we have lots of oceans and water should not be a problem, but only a little part of the water is good for human consumption. Animal agriculture is destroying this water and also the oceans– home of sea life.
There are dead zones in the oceans. This is due to the massive amounts of nitrogen put into the oceans and coral reefs dying for the same reason. Animal agriculture is the main reason for global warming as well. One of three fish caught from the ocean is fed to the animal raised in agriculture. Hence overfishing is causing problems for us. As it really puts our future at stake as well.
Animals
Animals are living in cramped conditions. They can’t enjoy their lives to the fullest: run around, gaze and grow up with their loving parent. Males in animal agriculture, are killed including calves and chicks. Females are raised in bad conditions – to be slaves for human needs.
No death is humane. There is no happy meat or happy eggs. Free-range eggs are just a myth, to make us feel better. Not a single egg manufacturer can provide the needed space for hen’s normal well-being. This is not financially possible for them.
We abuse animals in so many fields. Not only for food but for pleasure too (zoo, circus, entertainment) as well. Not to forget fashion – for our shoes, bags, belts, and jackets, animals ‘have’ to die. But animals are individuals – they have feelings, needs and they also know what pain is.
If you are a pet owner, consider the fact that you are not eating your pets. So why should you eat other animals then altogether?
So….every month is Veganuary, right?
It is very difficult not to think of every month as a Veganuary after watching “Let us be Heroes – The True Cost of our Food Choices (2018)“. Though, as a vegan I have seen a fair amount of such documentaries, they still have an immense effect on me because the message is always so simple, but yet so powerful:
go vegan
for your health,
the planet,
the animals!
These are enough reasons to put the needs of your tastebuds aside and start making changes in your life, which would not harm animals or our home – planet Earth as we all need to manage and dwell happily here. Yet, animal agriculture, in other words, the majority’s eating and lifestyle habits, are straining the world and, we are at the edge of a catastrophe. It is here actually, no matter if you feel it in your corner of the world or not.
Take steps and stop eating animal products, as that way you also contribute to a better today and better future. Spread the word and make a change!